⇐ S.I.H. 1979 (No. 9)S.I.H. 1981 (No. 11) ⇒
Sussex Industrial History: Journal of the Sussex Industrial Archaeology Society, edited by Professor E. O. Taylor, published 1980 (No. 10, Sussex Industrial History) accessible at: The Keep [LIB/506525] Download PDF
Burton Mill, Petworth, by Dr. T. P. Hudson, published 1980 in Sussex Industrial History (No. 10, article, pp.2-8) accessible at: The Keep [LIB/506525] Download PDF
Abstract:Burton Mill stands at the north end of a large artificial lake called Mill Pond, at NGR SU 979180, 1 mile (1.6 km) east of the Chichester - Petworth road and 2½ miles (4 km) south of Petworth. The building, illustrated on the cover, served first for milling grain and later for generating electricity, and was preceded on the same site by an iron forge. Burton House, to the estate of which the mill belonged until the mid 20th century, is ¾ mile (1.2 km) to the south-west. A second lake above Mill Pond, called Chingford, Chilford, or Gilford Pond in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, is also artificial, but seems to have been created as a landscape feature, perhaps c. 1740 when landscaping work was apparently being carried out in Burton Park. The present mill building is of four storeys in brick and stone, and seems to date from the late 18th century. It is built into the dam of the lower lake in such a way that its third storey opens onto the road that runs along it; the ground floor is some 13 ft (4 m) below. The mill originally had two overshot wheels, one on each side.
Clayton Windmills (Jack and Jill). I - History, by M. Brunnarius, published 1980 in Sussex Industrial History (No. 10, article, pp.8-18) accessible at: The Keep [LIB/506525] Download PDF
Abstract:Three windmills are known to have stood on the rising down above Clayton Village: the original Duncton post mill, Jill post mill and the tower mill known as Jack. (Members will know that Jill is the subject of restoration work involving the combined efforts of an SIAS group, the Mid Sussex District Council and E. Hole and Son of Burgess Hill).
In September 1765 an indenture was made between Viscount Montague and Edward Oram of Clayton which read: "Lease all that part of ground near to Duncton Gate on which a windmill has been lately erected by the son of the said Viscount and contained in the whole by five rods every way for a term of 99 years." Mr. Oram's mill came to be known as Dungate or Duncton mill and is first shown on Yeakell and Gardner's map of 1780. A sale notice in 1816 described this as "a substantial built post mill carrying 2 pairs of stones." She was brought into the wind by hand using a tailpole and talthur as is Nutley post mill today.
In September 1765 an indenture was made between Viscount Montague and Edward Oram of Clayton which read: "Lease all that part of ground near to Duncton Gate on which a windmill has been lately erected by the son of the said Viscount and contained in the whole by five rods every way for a term of 99 years." Mr. Oram's mill came to be known as Dungate or Duncton mill and is first shown on Yeakell and Gardner's map of 1780. A sale notice in 1816 described this as "a substantial built post mill carrying 2 pairs of stones." She was brought into the wind by hand using a tailpole and talthur as is Nutley post mill today.
Clayton Windmills (Jack and Jill). II - Restoration, by J. S. F. Blackwell, published 1980 in Sussex Industrial History (No. 10, article, pp.18-23) accessible at: The Keep [LIB/506525] Download PDF
Abstract:The following is a personal view of the formation and first year's activities of the Jack and Jill Preservation Society of which the author is the Vice Chairman.
In 1958 Mr. Henry Longhurst, owner of Jack and Jill windmills, entered into an agreement with the then Cuckfield Rural District Council, whereby he conveyed the ownership of Jill Mill and a circle of ground, 36 ft in diameter, upon which it stood. In 1966 a similar agreement was reached concerning Jack Mill. The council then became responsible for the maintenance of both Mills.
In the winter of 1977/8 a thorough inspection and report on the fabric of the mills was made by Mr. A. D. Chamberlain, C. Eng., M.I.C.E., the District Engineer of the Mid-Sussex District Council, successor to the old Cuckfield R. D. C. He realised that major repairs were urgently required and that neither the District Council nor the County Council, from whom a small annual maintenance grant was received, would have the necessary finance to undertake such a project. During the course of the next few months he evolved the idea of a Preservation Society which would raise Money to enable the work to be undertaken professionally and conceived the plan that the best way of preservation was by complete restoration to working order of Jill Mill. A meeting was called in May 1978 between officers of the Mid-Sussex D. C., County Coucillors, Parish councillors from Hassocks and Keymer and representatives of the Sussex Industrial Archaeology Society. Representatives of the latter were Frank Gregory, a man of very extensive windmill knowledge and a collaborator in many restoration projects, Phillip Spells, an architectural Assistant, and writer, and subsequently another member, Martin Brunnarius, Sussex windmill historian and engineer. At this meeting it was agreed to produce a survey report to see if it was possible to restore Jill, using a mixture of volunteer and professional labour, so that she would grind again.
In 1958 Mr. Henry Longhurst, owner of Jack and Jill windmills, entered into an agreement with the then Cuckfield Rural District Council, whereby he conveyed the ownership of Jill Mill and a circle of ground, 36 ft in diameter, upon which it stood. In 1966 a similar agreement was reached concerning Jack Mill. The council then became responsible for the maintenance of both Mills.
In the winter of 1977/8 a thorough inspection and report on the fabric of the mills was made by Mr. A. D. Chamberlain, C. Eng., M.I.C.E., the District Engineer of the Mid-Sussex District Council, successor to the old Cuckfield R. D. C. He realised that major repairs were urgently required and that neither the District Council nor the County Council, from whom a small annual maintenance grant was received, would have the necessary finance to undertake such a project. During the course of the next few months he evolved the idea of a Preservation Society which would raise Money to enable the work to be undertaken professionally and conceived the plan that the best way of preservation was by complete restoration to working order of Jill Mill. A meeting was called in May 1978 between officers of the Mid-Sussex D. C., County Coucillors, Parish councillors from Hassocks and Keymer and representatives of the Sussex Industrial Archaeology Society. Representatives of the latter were Frank Gregory, a man of very extensive windmill knowledge and a collaborator in many restoration projects, Phillip Spells, an architectural Assistant, and writer, and subsequently another member, Martin Brunnarius, Sussex windmill historian and engineer. At this meeting it was agreed to produce a survey report to see if it was possible to restore Jill, using a mixture of volunteer and professional labour, so that she would grind again.
Sources & Supplies of Building Materials for Brighton c.1770 - 1810, by Dr. Sue Farrant, published 1980 in Sussex Industrial History (No. 10, article, pp.23-27) accessible at: The Keep [LIB/506525] Download PDF
Abstract:By the 1770s Brighton was Britain's premier seaside resort and the intensity of building activity within the town (bounded by East, North and West Streets) was changing the town's appearance. Not only were old houses replaced but the density of buildings rose very considerably due to the increasing residential population and demand for seasonal accommodation. From the early 1780s the town's new suburbs, which were mainly built as terraces and squares, spread over the surrounding farmland. By 1810 they straggled eastwards as far as Rock Gardens, north to Oxford Street and westwards, to the parish boundary with Hove.
Horsebridge Watermill, by E. W. Holden, published 1980 in Sussex Industrial History (No. 10, article, pp.27-30) accessible at: The Keep [LIB/506525] Download PDF
Abstract:In December 1965 excavations by JCB adjacent to and roughly parallel with the south-east side of McDougall's mill building at Horsebridge, in the parish of Hellingly, were in progress when a large piece of buried timber was encountered. This was lifted in one piece and placed on its side close to a nearby fence. The wet clay subsoil being unstable the trench was quickly refilled. From information given by the mill foreman the timber when found was lying with the trough uppermost at a depth of about 6½ feet from the surface (which would be at about the same level as the present mill pond), but whether this was the highest or lowest part of the timber - a matter of some 2½ ft - could not be determined.