Bibliography - S.A.C. 2002 (vol. 140)
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Sussex Archaeological Collections: Relating to the history and antiquities of East and West Sussex, published 2002 (vol. 140, Sussex Archæological Society) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

A prehistoric and later medieval agricultural landscape at Dean Way, Storrington, by Christine Howard-Davis and Bryan Matthews, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, article, pp.7-19) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

Excavations at Dean Way, Storrington revealed a palimpsest agricultural landscape incorporating elements dating from at least the 1st millennium BC to the 20th century. Evidence of earlier activity, in the form of late Mesolithic microliths and a range of Neolithic flintwork, was found as largely residual material in later contexts. Analysis determined four phases of development on the site. Phase 1 was long-lived, and represents intermittent domestic and agricultural activity over an extended period, possibly from as early as the mid-late Neolithic to the late Bronze Age/early Iron Age. Phase 2, a rectilinear field system and again long-lived, was possibly late Iron Age in origin, but might have been considerably later. Phase 3, parallel field boundaries and tracks, appears to have been of later medieval date and onwards, and Phase 4, plough and topsoils, is relatively recent.

An early Roman pottery production site at Horticultural Research International, Littlehampton, by Julie Lovell, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, article, pp.21-40) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

Investigation of an early Romano-British settlement at Worthing Road, Littlehampton revealed an enclosed working area, probably with beginnings in the Late Iron Age. Pottery was produced on the site for about 100 years between c. AD 43 and AD 150 using simple updraught kilns producing pottery comparable with that produced at Hardham and Wiggonholt and to vessels from Fishbourne and Chichester. Environmental evidence suggests that spelt wheat was processed in the vicinity of the site and the waste from this processing was used as kindling to fire the kilns.

The excavation of a Saxon grubenhaus at Itford Farm, Beddingham, East Sussex, by Richard James, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, article, pp.41-47) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

During the summer and autumn of 1998, a watching brief was maintained by Archaeology South-East (a division of University College London Field Archaeology Unit) during the construction of a wastewater pipeline between Lewes and Newhaven. Visual inspection of the pipeline easement to the north of Itford Farm, Beddingham revealed a number of cut features in the chalk bedrock. Excavation of the features revealed one to be an Early Saxon sunken floored building (grubenhaus) of 5th- to 6th-century date, from which a small but interesting assemblage of pottery was recovered. A boundary ditch of probable Saxon-Norman date was also investigated. Further features proved to be natural solution hollows in the chalk. No other structures were observed within the easement, but the discovery indicates the longevity of settlement at Itford Farm, and provides an interesting, albeit small-scale, example of shifting settlement patterns within the Ouse Valley.

Bishopstone: a pre-Conquest minster church, by Pamela Combes, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, article, pp.49-56) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

Bishopstone, generally assumed to be a minster church, was not identified as such in a recent survey of parochial development in 11th-century Sussex.1 Despite that omission, the church incorporates some Anglo-Saxon architectural features, and manuscript evidence of the status of its chapelry at South Heighton has now come to light. This article considers the date and circumstances of its foundation, the extent of its parochial and its place in the historical topography of the hundred of Flexborough.

Queen Adeliza and the Lotharingian connection, by Kathleen Thompson, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, article, pp.57-64) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

Compatriots of king's foreign wives often benefited from the queen's access to patronage and expatriate communities developed, but it is rare to be able to trace these networks in the central Middle Ages. An early example is the group that gathered around the second wife of King Henry I (1100-35), Adeliza of Louvain, who settled in Sussex after the king's death. Clerics from Adeliza's household became successful in the English church and the women who accompanied her married into the Anglo-Norman nobility. Adeliza was herself the ancestress of the earls of Arundel through her second marriage to William d'Aubigny, while her half-brother, Joscelin, was the founder of the Percy family.

Simon de Montfort and the historians, by Daniel Waley, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, article, pp.65-70) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

The career and personality of Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester (c. 1208- 1265), the leader of the baronial revolt against King Henry III, provides a striking exemplar of the malleability of historiographical opinion. Montfort has been treated as hero and villain and (misleadingly) as 'the founder of the House of Commons'. The attitudes of the writers discussed in this article should be interpreted in the light of their own times ? for instance, the English Civil War, the Jacobite risings, the French Revolution and nineteenth-century Liberalism. The emphasis in the article is on the importance to the historian of his historical background rather than on his exploitation of new sources.

The Lordship of Canterbury, iron-founding at Buxted, and the continental antecedents of cannon-founding in the Weald, by Brian G. Awty and Chistopher Whittick, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, article, pp.71-81) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

Queenstock Furnace in Buxted is shown to have been built under the auspices of Archbishop John Morton, probably in 1490. The site was at Iron Plat on the Uckfield Stream, within Morton's lordship of South Malling. The furnace was out of blast in 1509, and also apparently in 1537, but it was mentioned again in the 1570s, when it will have been the Buxted site used by the gun founder Ralph Hogge. The furnace had most probably been put in blast again around 1512, will have been the Buxted 'iron mill' used by the Rotherfield ironmaster Roger Machyn in 1524 and was the probable source of the iron railings supplied for Rochester Bridge by Archbishop Warham, who died in 1532. Queenstock, and not Oldlands, was the site at which William Levett cast guns from 1543 onwards. The technique of casting iron guns vertically in stave-lined pits had been used in the duchy of J?lich in 1539 and 1540, and it is suggested that it was brought to Normandy in 1540 and to the Weald in 1543, as a result of the alliances of both Francis I and Henry VIII with William de La Marck, duke of Cleves. In the case of the Weald the intermediary could have been Nicholas Wotton, who in 1539 led the negotiations for Henry's marriage to Anne of Cleves, and did not return to England until July 1541, when he took up the office of dean of Canterbury.

Shape-shifting: the changing outline of the Long Man of Wilmington, by Rodney Castleden, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, article, pp.83-95) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

The Long Man of Wilmington (NGR TQ 542034) is a modern construction of concrete blocks marking the site of a hill figure of uncertain origin and uncertain shape. This article reviews the modern history of the constructed outline and its relationship with the unencumbered hill figure that existed on the site until 1873. The results of resistivity surveys undertaken by Gravett in 1969 and the present author in 1996?97 are used to try to resolve some of the problems in reconstructing the shape of the Long Man before the 1873-74 bricking.

Myth and reality in the representation of resorts: Brighton and the emergence of the 'Prince and fishing village' myth 1770-1824, by Sue Berry, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, article, pp.97-112) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

Many localities have two histories, the actual and the mythical. Myths can become so well-established that they overshadow the history of a place, as demonstrated in the first part of this study. In this instance the myth is that Brighton was a fishing village that from the 1780s was transformed into a resort by the patronage of the Prince of Wales. Having shown how much influence myths can have on our perception of the history of a place, a short review of our understanding of the history of Brighton's successful development as a resort between 1730 and 1783 disproves the claim that Brighton was a fishing village when the Prince arrived. The study ends with an examination of how the myth evolved. The myth began in the 1770s with Dr Richard Russell transforming Brighton from a fishing village. A subsequent but less popular version was that the Duke of Cumberland's arrival resulted in the town's development. Finally, the Prince of Wales became the subject of the story.

Land ownership and farming on the South Downs in West Sussex circa 1840-1940, by John Godfrey, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, article, pp.113-123) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

An examination of the tithe surveys of the 1840s, the Lloyd George 1910 Valuation Office material and the National Farm Survey of 1941?43 relating to the 100 square miles of the South Downs between the rivers Arun and Adur enables a picture to be built up of the way the land was owned and farmed during a century of rapid agricultural and social change. The study confirms the importance of large landowners in the West Sussex downland and the position of the study area as the natural habitat of the close parish, with land in few hands and the rural population small, deferential and conservative politically. In addition, changes over time and in the fortunes of individual families are discussed, as are changes in the size of holdings and the growth of owner-occupation. Finally, changes in land-use are described, with particular attention being drawn to the changing balance between arable and pasture on farms in the study area, the abandonment of remote farmsteads and the importance of mineral working and forestry. As the Second World War approached, military use also became important.

Worthing, Richebourg and the League of Help for the Devastated Areas of France: the rediscovery of an adoption, by Sally White, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, article, pp.125-138) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

In the aftermath of the First World War the League of Help for the Devastated Areas of France was formed. Its aim was to encourage the adoption of French communities by British towns. The purpose of these adoptions was to provide clothes, tools and other aid to the parts of France that had been battlefields during the war. The founders of the League believed that not only did the British owe a debt of gratitude to the French, but also that such links were the best way to avoid future wars. Worthing was among the many towns that took up the challenge. Led by its formidable Mayor, Mrs Ellen Chapman, it adopted the community of Richebourg l'Avoué in the Pas de Calais which had been virtually destroyed during the war. Links between the two towns persisted for a few years and were then forgotten.

A Mesolithic site and later finds at Magham Down, near Hailsham, East Sussex, by Chris Butler, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, shorter article, pp.139-144) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

Fieldwalking at Varley Halls and Marquee Brow, Stanmer, Brighton, by John Funnell, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, shorter article, pp.144-148) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

Two Middle Bronze Age palstave axes from the western Weald, by David Williams, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, shorter article, pp.149-150) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

Roman nail-cleaner from Lancing Ring, West Sussex, by John Funnell, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, shorter article, p.150) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

The Anglo-Saxon nunnery at Chichester: a further source, by Julian M. Luxford, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, shorter article, pp.150-151) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online

Building practices in the eastern Weald around 1700: an addendum, by John H. Farrant, published 2002 in Sussex Archæological Collections (vol. 140, shorter article, p.152) accessible at: W.S.R.O. [Lib 15109] & The Keep [LIB/500299] & S.A.S. library   View Online